Researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-based framework that can measure how individual brain regions age, offering a more detailed picture than conventional methods that estimate the brain's overall biological age. The new method, explained in a study published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, identifies differences in ageing patterns across distinct brain structures, helping scientists better understand age-related neurological changes.

The researchers say the framework could improve the early detection of disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases by pinpointing areas showing accelerated ageing before clinical symptoms appear. It may also help monitor disease progression and assess the effectiveness of treatments.

By revealing that different parts of the brain age at varying rates, the AI-powered system provides a more precise way to study brain health and could pave the way for personalised strategies to prevent and manage neurodegenerative diseases.